News:
- OpenSUSE exec says it is an ideal time to have Linux skills. (pcworld.com)
- Intel releases a graphical installer for their Linux drivers. (omgubuntu.co.uk)
The Main Topic: The Mystery of GRUB
- GRUB, the GRand Unified Bootloader. “GNU GRUB is a very powerful boot loader, which can load a wide variety of free operating systems, as well as proprietary operating systems with chain-loading.”
- How does GRUB know what to boot? It reads /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
- grub.cfg is written in GRUB’s built-in scripting language, which has a syntax quite similar to that of GNU Bash and other Bourne shell derivatives.
- The program grub-mkconfig generates a grub.cfg file based on the scripts in /etc/grub.d and the /etc/default/grub file.
- grub-mkconfig does have some limitations. While adding extra custom menu entries to the end of the list can be done by editing /etc/grub.d/40_custom or creating /boot/grub/custom.cfg, changing the order of menu entries or changing their titles may require making complex changes to shell scripts stored in /etc/grub.d/. This may be improved in the future.
- The file /etc/default/grub controls the operation of grub-mkconfig. It is sourced by a shell script, and so must be valid POSIX shell input; normally, it will just be a sequence of ‘KEY=value’ lines, but if the value contains spaces or other special characters then it must be quoted.
- ‘update-grub’ is a stub for running: ‘grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg’
- Simple changes to try…
- Change the default OS booted:
- Change GRUB_DEFAULT in /etc/default/grub
- Run ‘sudo update-grub’ to update /boot/grub/grub.cfg
- Change the colors of the GRUB screen:
- Edit /etc/grub.d/06_mint_theme to change these lines:
- set menu_color_normal=white/black
- set menu_color_highlight=white/light-gray
- Add a background graphic: (Doesn’t work in Mint because of 06_mint_theme?)
- Move one picture that is the same size as your screen resolution to /boot/grub/ (first one found is used?)
- Change the order of the OS list:
- Involves editing the scripts in /etc/grub.d
- Recover your system if it won’t boot due to messed up MBR:
- This can happen if you install Windows after installing Linux, but can also happen if you change hard drive settings or and or remove a hard drive (help.ubuntu.com)
- GNU GRUB Manual 2.00~rc1. (gnu.org)
- How to Configure the Linux Grub2 Boot Menu the Easy Way (Uses a program named “Grub Customizer” from a PPA). (howtogeek.com)
Featured Website and Tip:
- How to measure the speed of your SATA devices from the command line. (linuxaria.com)

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